The study was conducted as a 45-day simulated space mission. Sixteen participants regularly completed a five-minute Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT) up to five times per day while being exposed either to a dynamic lighting schedule (with a higher proportion of blue and cyan wavelengths during the day and reduced levels in the evening) or to constant standard lighting. The data were analyzed using generalized linear mixed models that accounted for the effects of lighting conditions, sleep duration, and mission progression.
The results showed that DLS was associated with significantly fewer attention lapses than SLS, as well as greater performance stability over time. Statistically significant differences were also observed in relation to sleep, with shorter sleep duration (5 hours) leading to poorer results than longer sleep duration (8 hours). The authors interpret these findings as evidence that dynamic control of the light spectrum supports the circadian rhythm and thereby improves cognitive performance in isolated and highly controlled environments, such as future space missions.
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