The damage induced by LED lighting was more severe than that induced by fluorescent lamps, due to the lower intensity in the blue spectral region of the emitted light.
According to the research results, blue LEDs showed the highest level of harmfulness, causing apoptosis and necrosis of photoreceptors. White LEDs with high blue light content also had negative impacts. At the same time, increased free radical (ROS) production and oxidative stress were observed in groups exposed to these LEDs, indicating blue light-induced damage. In contrast, exposure to compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) showed significantly less damage due to their lower blue spectral energy content. The results show that the application of lighting with a high proportion of the blue component of the light spectrum has long-term negative effects on eye health and should be considered with increased caution.
