The results of the research conducted by a Chinese team of scientists showed that prolonged illumination of the retina with LEDs excited in the blue band covered by phosphorus can cause retinal function deterioration even with a small blue component. They also suggest that sources with low CCT (Correlated Color Temperature) will become a new type of healthy light source, as they do not emit blue light, lack phosphorus, and address the issue of low efficiency encountered by phosphorus-covered LED sources with low CCT. Many studies have indicated that these new sources with low CCT may have therapeutic effects. Before these effects are studied, it is necessary to verify the biological safety of these new LED sources. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to determine the effects of new light sources with low CCT compared to conventional white light LED sources on three types of retinal cells. It was observed that the viability and numbers of retinal cells gradually decreased with increasing CCT. New low-CCT LEDs caused fewer dead cells and had less adverse effects on cell proliferation compared to white LEDs. In ARPE-19 cells, the expression of Zonula Occludens-1 was reduced and occasionally interrupted after illumination with high-CCT LEDs. In R28 cells, the production of the stress protein hemeoxygenase was enhanced, and in rMC-1 cells, the production of glial fibrillary acidic protein and vimentin was increased. We conclude that new LED sources almost do not damage retinal cells and reduce potential health risks from chronic exposure to white LED sources in humans.
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